CONCEPT AND TYPES OF LEGAL REGULATION OF ELECTRICITY SAFETY IN UKRAINE

Abstract

In the article, attention is paid to the legal regulation of electric power security in Ukraine as a complex system of structuring social relations within the functioning of the energy sector. It is shown that the concept of electrical energy in linguistic tradition combines physical characteristics, technical-applied properties, and everyday use, forming the basis for its legal interpretation. The general theoretical content of legal influence is revealed through the determinacy of legal norms, legal facts, legal relations, and the sequential formation and implementation of subjective rights and obligations. The criteria by which social relations may be subject to legal regulation are outlined, including their social significance, the possibility of external control, and the ability to undergo legal formalization. Considerable attention is paid to the normative structuring of electric power security through the establishment of requirements for operational reliability, balance stability, safe operation of networks, adequate fuel supply, and information protection. It is shown that the efficiency of the energy system depends on systematic daily monitoring, which covers technical equipment parameters, reserve capacity, market conditions, and the level of cyber threats. The importance of multi-level management of critical infrastructure is emphasized, including national, regional, local, and facility-level regulation. The key normative acts defining the organization of the electricity market, critical infrastructure security requirements, supply rules, operational stability criteria, and cybersecurity assessment procedures in the fuel-energy sector are outlined. It is demonstrated that legal regulation combines preventive, operational, and long-term response measures aimed at preventing threats, neutralizing them, and ensuring uninterrupted functioning of the energy sector. It is noted that the set of normative instruments forms an integrated model of legal structuring of electric power security that meets modern technical requirements and resilience standards.