METHODOLOGICAL AND WORLD-OPTICAL PRINCIPLES OF LEGAL ACTIVITY IN MODERN SOCIETY

Abstract

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of legal activity as a dynamic socio-cultural phenomenon operating at the intersection of philosophy, jurisprudence and social sciences. The study highlights the problem of constant transformation of legal activity under the influence of modern global challenges, in particular, digitalization, cyber threats, migration crises and changes in public consciousness. The author substantiates the need to rethink traditional approaches to understanding legal activity through the prism of its methodological, ontological and axiological foundations.Particular attention is paid to the analysis of activity as a philosophical category which has evolved from classical metaphysical concepts to modern interpretations as an open, dynamic system. In the legal dimension, this category is considered through three interrelated aspects: lawmaking (rule-making processes), law implementation (mechanisms for applying rules) and law enforcement (judicial and administrative practice).It is proved that each of these aspects has its own ontological specificity, but is subject to the general laws of legal activity. The methodological block of the study includes a critical analysis of traditional (formal legal, historical and legal) and innovative (sociological, cognitive) approaches to the study of legal activity.The author proposes an integrative model of methodology that combines philosophical and legal reflection with empirical social research. The author emphasizes the role of interdisciplinarity in modern legal research, in particular, the use of achievements of cognitive sciences, artificial intelligence and social psychology.An important section is devoted to the ideological determinants of legal activity. The author argues that the value orientations of legal actors (legislators, judges, and law enforcement officers) are a key factor in the formation of legal norms and their implementation. The author uses the examples of liberal, communitarian and postmodern discourses to show how worldview paradigms influence law understanding and law application.The article contains an original position on the prospects for the development of legal activity in the context of digital transformation. The analysis of the latest challenges, such as automation of law enforcement, cybercrime, and the problems of regulating artificial intelligence, is particularly valuable. The article concludes by substantiating the need to develop a new methodology for researching legal activity which would take into account the dynamic nature of modern social processes.