CONCEPTS AND TYPES OF PRINCIPLES OF CIVIL PROTECTION OF THE POPULATION

Abstract

It is determined that the principles of civil protection of the population determine the basic principles on which the system of prevention, response and recovery in emergency situations is built. These principles ensure the effectiveness of the actions of management bodies and civil defense services, include a set of legal, organizational and practical measures aimed at protecting the life, health, property of citizens and ensuring the functioning of the economy in conditions or as a result of emergency situations. In our opinion, the legally established principles of civil protection of the population should be supplemented by the following: the principle of comprehensive protection – providing protection to all categories of the population, including socially vulnerable groups, in all regions and under any conditions. This principle determines the basis for ensuring comprehensive protection of all categories of the population in emergency situations. This principle provides equal and effective access to protective measures, resources and services for all members of society, regardless of their place of residence, social status, age or other characteristics. The principle of proportionality means that security measures taken and responses to emergency situations must be adequate to the degree of threat or risk. The principle of timeliness means that measures to respond to emergency situations must be implemented promptly and on time in order to maximally reduce the risks to people’s health and life, as well as to reduce material losses. The principle of coordination determines the need for systematic and effective management of resources, organizations and actions of relevant services in response to emergency situations. This principle ensures a coordinated interaction between various authorities, non-profit organizations, the private sector and the public involved in the processes of planning, response, recovery and minimization of civil protection risks. The principle of preparedness of civil protection of the population is defined as the systematic planning and conducting of educational events, trainings and exercises aimed at increasing the readiness of governmental and non-commercial organizations, as well as the public, to effectively respond to emergency situations. The principle of integration of civil protection resources consists in the coordinated use of resources and services of various bodies, institutions and organizations to ensure effective response to emergency situations.