CRIMINOLOGICAL TYPOLOGY OF THE PERSONALITY OF A CRIMINAL WHO COMMITS FRAUD AS PART OF AN ORGANIZED GROUP

Abstract

Crisis phenomena in the economy have determined the increase of criminogenic potential in society.The polarization of living standards, the disappearance of moral norms that seemed inviolable, the emergenceof new, sometimes diametrically opposed moral values and life guidelines – all this has created an exceptionalcomplexity of the criminal situation in Ukraine. There is also a tendency to significant qualitative changes in crimeitself. In particular, mercenary crimes, which include fraud, come to the fore.Fraud is becoming more and more sophisticated, adapting to new socio-economic relations, taking advantageof shortcomings in the legal regulation of economic processes and miscalculations in the work of law enforcementagencies. Being mainly a latent crime, it is difficult both to explain it theoretically and to bring the perpetrators tojustice in practice. The situation is exacerbated by the fact that fraudsters unite in well-organized criminal groups,which, in turn, are part of criminal communities.Topical issues related to the identity of the criminal are considered, which are based not only on statisticaldata, but also supported by information obtained during the study of criminal proceedings, conducted surveys and interviews. The author's typology of the person committing fraud as a part of the organized group is entered intoscientific circulation.Typology is based on identifying similarities and differences between the objects under study, seeks to reflecttheir structure, and identify their patterns. When building a typology, unlike classification, it is not necessary todistinguish all types that make up parts of a recognizable object without exception. Typology, to a greater extentthan classification, allows to understand the causes of criminal behavior, provides a scientific explanation of variousphenomena.The practical significance of studying the typological characteristics of the person committing fraud in anorganized group is that it reveals the nature, causes, patterns of origin and development of behavior of this type ofpersonality and depending on the typological characteristics of individuals, their affiliation to a particular model topredict criminal behavior and differentiated construction of preventive work.It should be noted that the typology of the person committing fraud in an organized group can be based onvarious characteristics and criteria. In this article we will focus on those that most fully characterize the person whocommits fraud in an organized group.