METHODS OF RESEARCH AND DIAGNOSIS OF CRIMINAL PERVERSIONS AS FACTORS OF CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR

Abstract

The article examines the complex phenomenon of criminal perversions as one of the factors that shape criminal behaviour. The interdisciplinary nature of this problem is emphasised, as its study requires the integration of knowledge from criminology, criminalistics, psychology, psychiatry and sociology. Criminal perversions are defined as persistent deviations in the sphere of needs, desires and behavioural patterns that are destructive in nature and directly influence the mechanism of crime. The paper outlines the main methods of researching this phenomenon: psychological (tests, interviews, projective techniques), criminological (analysis of statistics and social context), criminalistic (reconstruction of crime methods, trace examination), sociological (surveys, questionnaires), as well as interdisciplinary approaches that provide a comprehensive view of the problem. Particular attention is paid to diagnostic methods in judicial and investigative practice and forensic psychological examination, which allow identifying the influence of deviant tendencies on the formation of crime motives, assessing sanity and the level of public danger of a person.Special emphasis is placed on modern diagnostic technologies, including polygraphs, neuroimaging, and computerised cognitive response analysis systems, which open up new perspectives in detecting hidden perverse tendencies. At the same time, the need to comply with ethical and legal standards when using these technologies is emphasised.It was concluded that an effective system for researching and diagnosing criminal perversions should have not only scientific and theoretical significance, but also practical significance: it should assist in the investigation of crimes, the conduct of expert examinations, and the prevention of deviant and criminal behaviour.