THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PREVENTING CRIMINAL OFFENSES COMMITTED BY CONVICTS IN THE PENAL INSTITUTIONS OF UKRAINE

Abstract

The article examines the use of artificial intelligence in preventing the commission of new criminal offenses by convicts in penal institutions. A warning is expressed that the application of artificial intelligence in the penal institutions of Ukraine must comply with the Concept for the Development of Artificial Intelligence in Ukraine, since its unprofessional use may create risks and cause harm in the processes of socialization, resocialization, and reintegration of persons serving sentences in Ukraine’s penitentiary facilities. Problematic and unresolved issues regarding the use of artificial intelligence in preventing new criminal offenses by convicts in penal institutions are identified, in particular: the neutralization of risks associated with the use of AI by the staff of the State Criminal-Executive Service of Ukraine in working with convicts; the determination of the special status of AI in the area of preventing new criminal offenses in penal institutions; the analysis of foreign practices of AI implementation in penitentiary systems abroad with the aim of adopting their best practices into Ukraine’s penitentiary system. An authorial definition is proposed: a specialized technical means (STM) is one of the tools of AI, which is applied by the personnel of the penal institutions of the State Criminal-Executive Service of Ukraine to prevent convicts from committing new criminal offenses through observation and control of their behavior, monitoring of movements, connections, and other actions that may indicate intentions to commit a new criminal offense.