LEGAL RELATIONS AND PROCEDURE FOR IMPLEMENTING ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS IN UKRAINE

Abstract

The article analyzes the legal relations and organizational features of enforcement proceedings as the final stage of implementing court decisions and acts of other public authorities. Enforcement proceedings are presented as a coherent system of authoritative, administrative, and procedural actions aimed at ensuring the actual restoration of violated rights, freedoms, or legitimate interests of individuals and legal entities. Their content is based on the principles of the rule of law, legality, mandatory execution of decisions, transparency, impartiality, proportionality, and balance of enforcement measures. Legal relations in this sphere have a state- authoritative, procedural, and organizational nature, as they arise between authorized persons, claimants, debtors, third parties, banking institutions, and other entities involved in the implementation of judicial acts.The system of enforcement subjects is described, including state and private bailiffs, supervisory authorities, participants in enforcement actions, and auxiliary institutions. The article outlines the procedure for organizing enforcement actions, the stages of initiating, conducting, and completing enforcement proceedings, and the mechanisms for issuing rulings, acts, demands, notifications, and other procedural documents that must be recorded in the automated accounting system. Particular attention is paid to compliance control with procedural norms, the liability of bailiffs, the procedure for appealing their decisions, and the protection of the parties’ rights during enforcement. The functioning of the system under current conditions is characterized, including temporary restrictions on enforcement actions, suspension of proceedings in areas of active hostilities, substitution mechanisms for bailiffs, changes of enforcement districts, and ensuring the stability of enforcement bodies. It is emphasized that the introduction of electronic technologies, the use of qualified electronic signatures, the creation of a unified automated database, electronic document management, and strengthened supervision by competent authorities contribute to greater transparency, efficiency, and public trust in the enforcement system.